Lesson 13 of 18 · Unit 5: Dependent clauses, negated
The Negative B Form
When it is not so: the chart's last row, made with an ending alone — no separate word this time.
By the end of this lesson you'll be introduced to
- The chart's last row: saying “when it is NOT so”
- The surprise: no separate negative word this time
- Three endings you can almost guess — and the one you already know from -sinoon
- The published chart, complete
One verb, three shapes
Start here
One verb, three shapes
NewYou know “Gimiwan” (rain) in two shapes already. Today adds the third. Look at what each one carries:
Dependent — you know this
gimiwang
when it rains
Independent negative — you know this
Gaawiin gimiwanzinoon.
It is not raining.
Dependent negative — new today
Gimiwanzinok
when it doesn't rain
Notice what the new one doesn't have: the separate negative word is gone. The ending does everything.
Try it
Which documented shape says “when it doesn't rain”?
The rule — no separate word
The last row
The rule — no separate word
NewThree branches, stated by the notes on all three of this lesson's class days: a vowel takes -sinok, an N takes -zinok, and a D drops before -sinok — the same drop you know from the independent negative.
Ends in a vowel
VII + sinok
Chart's example
ate → atesinok
Ends in D
VII - d + sinok
Chart's example
aabadad → aabadasinok
Ends in N
VII + zinok
Chart's example
onizhishin → onizhishinzinok
Piece added-sinok / -zinokNegation
The notes' own three words — one per branch
Ends in a vowel
Aabawaasinok
when it's not warm
Ends in D
Aabadasinok
when it's not used
Ends in N
Gimiwanzinok
when it doesn't rain
Applies to: VII verbs, B Form negativeNo separate negative word here: the A Form's independent word stays away from these dependent negatives — the ending alone carries the 'not'. One row covers singular and plural.
Try it
A verb ends in D. How does its dependent negative form?
Hopes and ifs, negated
Your introducers return
Hopes and ifs, negated
ReviewThe same two little words from the B Form lesson open these — now hoping something doesn't happen, or supposing it doesn't:
Giishpin biinasinok waakaa'igan, maazhise.
If the house is not clean, it's bad luck.
Giishpin aabadasinok Anishinaabemowin, gaawiin mino-giizhigasinoon.
If Ojibwe is not used, it's not a good day.
Your turn — no wrong answer
Apegish
I hope, hopefully
Same opening word, a negative hope after it.
Pick the documented negative hope you'd actually make.
Try it
These dependent negatives lean on the same things B forms always lean on. Which words have you seen opening them?
The chart, complete
Six rows, three groups, one published chart — and you have now been taught every cell of it. What remains in this course goes beyond the chart: content questions, a story, and a first look outside the VII family.
Every row is now yours. Tap any cell to see the chart's own wording and example.
- A Form PluralAlready covered
- A Form Negative SingularAlready covered
- A Form Negative PluralAlready covered
- B Form Singular & PluralAlready covered
B Form Negative Singular & Plural
This lesson
Chart: Anton Treuer, Oshkaabewis Native Journal, Vol. 4 / No. 1, Spring 1997. Explanation of the form labels: Anton Treuer, SPPS Ojibwe Curriculum, Spring 2009.
Words from these class days
New- View entry →AwegonenGrammar Word
what is it? What? (what—object, what thing)
Needs review — the sources give more than one meaning for this word.
- View entry →DagaGrammar Word
please
- View entry →Endaayaan
my place
- View entry →Endaayan
your place
- View entry →Giwii-wiisin
You will/want to eat
- View entry →Gibiindaakoonin
I offer you tobacco
- View entry →NiminwendamVerb
I'm happy
- View entry →Biinjwebinige-giizhigad
it's election day
- View entry →WiisiniVerb
he is eating, she is eating
These class days also record tobacco-offering language. The materials give the words and their meanings — they do not teach the protocol around them, and neither does this app. That knowledge belongs with teachers and community, not a website.
Forms you'll see — verbs you know, in their dependent negative
- View entry →Aabadasinok
when it's not used
- View entry →Aabawaasinok
when it's not warm
- View entry →Gimiwanzinok
when it doesn't rain
Seen before
ReviewCheck your understanding
You don't need a perfect score — finishing is what completes the lesson.
Preparing your questions…
Finish this lesson
Work through the lesson's activities, then mark it complete. Your quiz score doesn't have to be perfect.
- Tell the three shapes apart — not yet done
- Apply the drop-D branch — not yet done
- Make a documented negative hope — not yet done
- Name what these lean on — not yet done
- Finish Check your understanding — not yet done
Source
This lesson draws on three class days that state one rule; the first gives the rule with three illustrative words, the later two supply the worked sentences. The rule is confirmed in 5 places — the published chart (Anton Treuer, Oshkaabewis Native Journal, Vol. 4 / No. 1, Spring 1997), the class notes, and Anton Treuer, SPPS Ojibwe Curriculum, Spring 2009, which also states that this row never takes the separate negative word. Every Ojibwe word, form and sentence on this page comes from the material cited above; the English explanations were written for this app.
More from this stretch
This lesson covers several class days from the original course. The extra vocabulary and documented examples those days brought are here — try each example before its English shows.
Class day: November 4
New vocabulary this day (3)
Examples from this day
Aaniindi wenjibaayan?
What does it say?
Aaniindi zaaga'igan?
What does it say?
Aaniindi?
What does it say?
Aaniish apii waa-wiisiniyan?
What does it say?
Aaniish apii waa-wiisiniyan?
What does it say?
Apegish wii-mizhakwak.
What does it say?
Apegish wii-wanisinzinok.
What does it say?
Apegish zanagasinok.
What does it say?
Class day: November 5
New vocabulary this day (2)
Examples from this day
Aaniindi?
What does it say?
Aaniish apii waa-wiisiniyan?
What does it say?
Aaniish apii waa-wiisiniyan?
What does it say?
Apegish gizhaatesinok.
What does it say?
Apegish maazhisesinok.
What does it say?
Apegish minopogwak.
What does it say?
Apegish wii-zaagaateg.
What does it say?
Apegish zanagasinok.
What does it say?